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CapeGazette.com • Covering Delaware's Cape Region • Updated 4/29/08
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Chris Wildt cartoon..


Please, let us know if you see pollution
in Sussex County, Delaware

Please put "Sussex pollution" in your subject line.

Horseshoe Crabs

Be kind to our local dinosaurs

May/June is the time of year when horseshoe crabs make their way onto the beaches to lay their eggs. Horseshoe crabs are not really dinosaurs, of course. Actually, they are not even crustaceans. Horseshoe crabs are in a class by themselves, named Merostomata and are related to spiders.

Many types of wildlife rely on the eggs of the horseshoe crab as an important food source. Unfortunately, the number of horseshoe crabs has been steadily declining over the years.

When the horseshoe crabs come ashore to lay their eggs in the soft sand, many get flipped upside down by the surf. Some are able to right themselves, but many cannot and they quickly dry out and die. If you would be kind and flip them upright (hard shell facing the sky), they can make their way back to the water.

Horseshoe crabs are harmless—although you could probably hurt your bare feet if you stepped on a horseshoe crab’s shell since the shell has sharp points on it. The horseshoe crab’s tail is not poisonous. The tail is easily separated from the body since it is only held in place by a small piece of cartilage, so unless you would like to be picked up by your ear, don’t pick a horseshoe crab up by its tail.

The pinchers of the horseshoe crab are not strong like those of the Blue-claw crab. The horseshoe crab’s pinchers can not apply enough pressure on your skin to cause pain.

Some horseshoe crab trivia:
• Horseshoe crabs have been around since the time dinosaurs ruled the Earth.

• Horseshoe crabs have ten eyes.

• Female crabs are much larger than males.

• The first pinchers of a male crab are in the shape of a boxing glove.

• Horseshoe crab blood is blue.

To learn more about this amazing creature, visit www.horseshoecrab.org.

Charles Gouert


Local Birds

• Laughing gull - gray with a black hood, or head. Winters in southern U.S. and arrives in Sussex county in early spring.

• Herring gull - white and gray Ring-billed gull - white and gray, black on its wing tips and black ring around bill.

• Great black-backed gull - largest of the gulls, 65-inch wingspread. Stays in Delaware year-round. Neck, belly, tail and sides white, back slate and wing tips, black.

• Terns - feed on live fish, which they catch by diving into the water. Common tern, white and gray with a black and red beak, Forster’s tern, similar but with a black and yellow beak.

• Black skimmer - 20 inches long and black and white with red and black beak. Feeds in small flocks, skimming along water to catch fish.

• Osprey - after being endangered by DDT, making a comeback. Fish eater, dives for prey. Wings, up to 66 inches across, appear bent. Brown and white with noticeable black stripe across eyes. In spring and early summer, common over bay areas. As summer progresses, ventures farther over the ocean.

• Sanderlings - common sights on the beach, running along water’s edge. Here in the spring and late summer. About 8 2/3 inches long, white stripes on its wings.

• Willet - up to 13 inches long, long legs – 5 inches. Nests in marshes eats sand fleas, fiddler crabs and the like. Striking black and white striped wings and calls out "pill-willet-willet," giving it its name.

• American oyster catcher - about the size of willet, and also frequents shorelines. Bright red bill, about 3 inches long and the thickness of a fat pencil.

• Piping plover - endangered. Light gray. Nesting areas at Cape Henlopen State Park off limits.

Editor's Note: Of course this saltwater area supports many more species than are listed here. Those mentioned are the ones who most probably provoke the visitor's curiosity the most. For more information, Delaware Audubon Society or Delaware Birdline.


Local Seashells

• Whelks - Varieties include the lighting whelk, channeled whelk and the knobbed whelk. Often referred to as conch, this shell is common in the inlets and offshore waters. Eight to 10 inches in size, they are often found along beaches after storms.

• Giant Atlantic Heart Cockle - A bivalve (two shells) with white, tan to rose coloring. Sized three to four inches, these shells are commonly found just off shore along the shallow waters at inlets. Paired shells have a shape resembling a heart, thus its nickname.

• Eastern Oyster - Sized up to eight inches, pearly inside-white variety of exterior shapes and colors. Common to intertidal areas.

• Common Blue Mussel Bivalve - Approximately three inches in size, this is one of very few blue shells. It can be found in clumps on the beaches and jetties. The shell has an iridescent interior.

• Pen Shell - The pen shell is 10 inches in size. Its meat is edible and the shell is very delicate. It can produce a valuable pearl. Usually found after storms and common to the bays and calm areas.

• Calico Scallop - Sized three inches, this bivalve is colored in blotches with stripes of red, pink and yellow. Popular for jewelry and crafts.

• Whale’s Eye - This univalve, between two and four inches in size, is also called moon snail or shark’s eye. Gray to beige, the shell is common on beaches. Hermit crabs love this shell.

• Sun and Moon (Atlantic Sea Scallop) - Measuring between 4-6 inches in size, this shell is a favorite seafood. Found in beds, one side is pinkish brown and the other white.

• Quahog Clam - Between two to three inches in size, the Quahog Clam is an edible bivalve that can be found in mud flats.

• Atlantic Starfish - Found from Nova Scotia to Florida. If they loose a leg they grow another. Starfish can be found during the spring mating season along the shores edge.

• Sea Horses - Found from Mass. To southern South America. The male has the babies. There are several varieties depending on the exact area. You can tell the area by the color and the size.

• Sand Dollars - Local sand dollars do not have any holes in them. They are found Maine to South Carolina in shallow flats. They are thicker and much harder than the Florida sand dollar.


Environmental Links

American Forests • Support our forests
American Water Resources Association, Delaware Section
Audubon Society
Audubon International
Benevolent Planet • local group helps animals, earth
Bird Migration Forecasts
Birdsource
Broadkill Tributary Action
Delaware Division of Air and Waste Management • pollutant info
Delaware Estuary
Ducks Unlimited
Enature • fabulous nature reference tool
Envirolink
Chesapeake Bay Foundation
Center for Delaware's Inland Bays
Clean Air • Protecting everyone's right to clean air
Coastal Coalition
Conservation Fund • Nationwide group dedicated to preservation
Conserve Fish
Delaware Audubon Society
Delaware Birdline
Delaware Estuary • where the Atlantic meets the Delaware River
Delaware Nature Society
Delaware Tributary Action • helping our rivers and bays
DNREC Delaware Division of Natural Resources and Environmental Control
Environmental Scorecard from Environmental Defense Fund - Good local data
Environmental Web Directory
Environmental Working Group • Good data resource site
Environmental Protection Agency • water quality and beach safety
Garden.com • gardening, flowers, herbs, bulbs, gifts
Government Sales recycled items, playgrounds, furniture, etc
Green Delaware fighting for our future
Greenpeace USA
Hawk Watch, Cape Henlopen
Horseshoe Crabs
MERR • Marine Education Research and Rehabilitation Institute
(helps stranded sea animals
Monarch Butterfly information
National Park Service
Natural Resources Defense Council
National Fish and Wildlife Foundation
National Wildlife Federation
Naval Observatory • Starwatching
Northeast Sustainable Energy
Ocean Conservancy • Coastal Cleanup
Planet Ark • Reuters Daily Environmental News
Preservation Delaware • preserving the irreplaceable in the First State
Prime Hook National Wildlife Refuge • local bird refuge
Public Interest Research Groups
Save our lands save our towns - Sussex community initiative
Scenic America - Change is inevitable. Ugliness is not.
Scorecard • Environmental Defense's comprehensive site reviewing many problem areas
Shoreline and Waterway Management, State of DE
Sierra Club
Surfrider • Protects the world's coasts
Sussex County Land Trust • Preserving our county
The Nature Conservancy
Tri-State Bird Rescue • Best place to get bird help on Delmarva
Webcam search • webcameras around the world and earth updates
Wildflowers • Great resource site
World Species List

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