Prevention and early detection of colorectal cancer

Colorectal cancer is the third most diagnosed cancer in men and women in the U.S. combined, and prevention is better than cure.

Knowing the signs and symptoms means early detection and less-invasive treatment options.

In recent years, the recommended age for regular screenings has been lowered from age 50 to 45 for those at average risk of colorectal cancer. Screenings may be done earlier if a person has a family medical history of cancer.

The most common symptoms of colorectal cancer seen in patients are unexplained weight loss, change in bowel habits and persistent abdominal discomfort. These are just a few among the many symptoms that could be a sign of something more serious.

There are many screening options, but the gold standard in colorectal cancer screenings is a colonoscopy. Anyone with symptoms or a family history should have a colonoscopy. At Bayhealth, colonoscopies can be done by general surgeons, colorectal surgeons or gastroenterologists.

Other screening options for those at lower risk include stool DNA, blood tests and Cologuard, which reveals blood in the stool and changes in cells.

Another preventive option Bayhealth offers is genetic testing and genetic counseling. Of Bayhealth patients who are diagnosed with colorectal cancer, 5% to 10% have a family history. There is a comprehensive evaluation to rule out familial disposition to colorectal cancer, including genetic counseling and genetic testing. 

“You don’t need to push off your screenings because you are worried they may be painful or uncomfortable,” said Dr. Assar Rather. “There have been changes in methods and preparation for colonoscopies in recent years. But sometimes you must deal with discomfort to prevent something much worse from happening.”